Effa Manley's Legacy Continues On In the National Baseball Hall Of Fame

Effa Manley: Identity and Background:

• Questions about ethnicity: Speculation on being biracial
• Identified and assimilated with Black Culture
• Savvy use of whiteness for advantages
• Instrumental in civil rights movements in New York

Effa Manley: Role in Baseball:

• Co-owner and general manager of the Newark Eagles
• Managed operations after husband's passing
• Known for baseball business acumen
• Civic involvement with fan base

Effa Manley: Impact on Negro Leagues and Civil Rights:

• Initiated 'don't buy where you can't work' movement
• Pressured stores in New York to hire black clerks
• Advocated for Negro League players' Hall of Fame inclusion
• Ted Williams support for Negro League players
• Satchel Paige first Negro League player inducted in 1971

Effa Manley: Legacy and Recognition:

• Inducted into National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006
• Recognized as pioneering sportswoman and civil rights champion
• Advocacy for Negro League players' recognition
• Legacy immortalized in Hall of Fame

National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown:

• Showcases successful players, coaches, and teams in baseball history
• Effa Manley's plaque displayed as only African-American woman inducted
• Effa Manley's influence in advancing civil rights in New York
• The Negro Leagues provided opportunities regardless of race or gender.